Analytical solutions for vortex flow at the tangential inlet of a vertical dropshaft

Vertical dropshafts with tangential intake structures are often used in urban drainage systems to route surface flow into underground systems. Vortex driven by a inlet is the typical pattern vertical dropshaft. However, analytical solutions of key hydraulic transition from chute vortex have not been investigated, and theoretical guidelines dropshaft available. In present study, series proposed determine circumferential generated at inlet. The contraction ratio tapering chute, size, depth joint section determines performance Based on free drop height, criteria describe spiral movement intensity Systemic experiments for different models tested, experimental observations agree analysis. investigation provides general reference design that can smoothly rotational down